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As an application of blockchain technology, crowdsales are generally unregulated, allowing investments to reach startups faster and without fees. Additionally, although investors may hold onto their coins or tokens to receive dividends as if they enjoyed shares in the company, they do not have enjoy the same control over company management. Startups then enjoy a level of managerial freedom that companies previously did not have.

Finally, in addition to providing much-needed capital to startups, crowdsales provide crucial measures of the level of interest in a new project.

Since most cryptocurrencies are not yet regulated by a central authority, crypto owners cannot store their currencies in traditional bank accounts. Thus, cryptocurrency wallets (or crypto wallets) were developed.

These wallets generally come in the form of either software or hardware—also called hot or cold wallets. Hot wallets connect to the internet and allow the owner to both receive and send crypto tokens. Cold wallets, on the other hand, do not connect to the internet. For this reason, hot wallets have more security features than cold wallets.

Investors, both new and old, use blockchain-based cryptos and altcoins to effect a cryptocurrency investment strategy

Banks, credit unions, credit card companies, insurance companies, stock brokerages, investment funds, and more must report their activities to government regulatory agencies. Following financial crises in the late 2000s, regulatory compliance has become stricter and more onerous on financial services companies like those listed above.

From the stricter need for reporting and the massive amounts of data generated by financial institutions, the regtech industry has sprung up, combining regulatory reporting and big data technology.

Language revitalization refers to the process of bringing a dead or dying language back into common usage. It is also called language revival, although many believe the term “revival” should only apply to dead languages and “revitalization” to dying ones.

Language reclamation is a related concept and frequently occurs together with revitalization/revival. However, it refers only to the process of a population reasserting its right to speak its language.

As organizations continue to adopt IoT technology, ensuring secure access to a private network becomes particularly difficult. Network access control systems, however, protect network data by requiring user authentication and authorization before every request.

These systems also proactively address security breaches, though many also integrate with anti-virus or malware systems that organizations already use.

Network segmentation refers to the act of dividing different parts of a network into separate segments or subnets. This is done either physically or technologically, usually as part of a network access control system that limits who can access what parts of the network.

Once organizations have identified subnetworks, they establish virtual fences around them using a variety of techniques, including VLANs, SDNs, and firewalls.

A large proportion of data breaches come from authorized network users. Since they have network privileges, however, this type of cybersecurity threat is extremely difficult to address. Insider threat detection comprises the methods and technologies that organizations use to identify and mitigate these insider threats.

There are various types of insider threats, not all intentional or malicious. Pawns, for example, are simply victims of phishing or other social engineering traps while Goofs lost confidential data due to ignorant or arrogant flaunting of security policies. The malicious types of insider threats come from Collaborators and Lone Wolves, who are rarely encountered.